Anti–N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is a neurologic disease first identified by Dr Josep Dalmau and colleagues at the University of Pennsylvania in 2007. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is an autoimmune disease where the body creates antibodies against the NMDA receptors in the brain, in which antibodies disrupt normal brain signaling, causing brain swelling, or encephalitis; many reports claim that it is often misdiagnosed due to atypical presentation that overlaps neurologic and psychiatric symptoms, in which it is difficult to recognize, and that may delay management. This is a case of an 18-year-old female from Mindoro, Philippines, who was previously well. Two months prior to consult, she presented with sudden onset of unusual behavior noticed by her parents and siblings, such as sexual disinhibition, anxiety, and irritability.

Chronic mesenteric ischemia is a rare condition accounting for less than 1 in 1,000 hospital admissions secondary to abdominal pain. Usually, at least two of the three visceral vessels need to be affected before a patient develops symptoms. We describe a patient diagnosed with decompensated liver disease secondary to liver schistosomiasis and was admitted and managed as chronic mesenteric ischemia secondary to superior mesenteric artery (SMA) thrombosis and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) atherosclerosis. With the patient’s consent, this case is presented to contribute to current knowledge about mesenteric ischemia.

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS) type 4 is a clustering of at least 2 or more organ-specific autoimmune diseases in a single patient, which do not fall into other categories of APS, in combination with at least one more endocrine or non-endocrine organs. The multitude of autoimmune comorbidities and their associated treatment may contribute to osteoporosis and fracture. This is the case of a 35-year-old female with bilateral distal femoral pathologic fracture from an inch fall underwent bilateral, minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) are complex autoimmune conditions that can co-exist with 6.8% prevalence based on cohort studies. This case report details the clinical journey of a 45-year-old female with an SLE-SSc overlap syndrome particularly presenting with autoamputation of digits, which is a rare and debilitating complication of SSc, with a scarcity of published reports as of writing.

Graves orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disease affecting the orbits and the periorbital tissues with an annual incidence of 16 per 100,000 population in women and 2.9 in men. While GO occurs in the spectrum of hyperthyroidism or Graves disease, 7.9% of these patients have a normal thyroid function and only a few are negative for thyroid antibodies. When left untreated, GO may become debilitating and threaten vision. A 64-year-old male presented with gross bilateral proptosis and chemosis, which developed over a period of 10 years.

AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma (KS) progresses rapidly with early mucosal and systemic involvement. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial as they significantly impact the outcome. This is a case of disseminated cutaneous and gastrointestinal KS in a 24-year-old Filipino male living with HIV, presenting with hyperpigmented violaceous subcutaneous nodules, odynophagia, progressive dysphagia, and symptomatic anemia.

Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy, and oncocytic ACC (OAC) is a rare histopathologic variant of ACC, with <70 cases documented worldwide as of 2021. This is a case of a 64-year-old female initially presenting with epigastric-to-periumbilical pain, left flank pain, nausea, vomiting, and bloatedness.

This study aims to evaluate HACOR score in predicting NIV failure leading to invasive mechanical ventilation and/or mortality among patients with ARF who were admitted to a tertiary hospital in Cebu City from January 2022 to August 2022.

The prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) among Filipinos exceeds 20%. Progressive loss of insulin sensitivity can occur with fasting blood sugar (FBS) ≥90 mg/dL. Studies among Asians with pre-diabetes show a higher prevalence of DMT2 diagnosed by 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the gold standard, which remains underutilized. This prospective, observational, single-center study included adult patients who were diagnosed with ARF type 1 and/or 2 and who were hooked to NIV as oxygen supplementation. 

Glycemic control in the Philippines has increased from 15% in 2008 to 47.4% in 2020. This study aims to identify the determinants of glycemic control in the Philippines.

Whey protein, which is one of the best protein sources, has been investigated for its applicability in improving glycemic control in patients with T2DM. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to measure the magnitude of the effect of whey protein on glycemic control in T2DM. 

The health needs of the transgender population have not been well understood and have been an interest when it comes to research. There were several reported cases of breast cancer, specifically in male-to-female (MtF) transgenders or those who were born genotypic male but addressed themselves psychosocially as females. The characteristics, risk factors, and recommendations for breast cancer in this population have not been established, and thus the need to develop further research.

The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of liraglutide in reducing cardiovascular complications.

As cardiac interventional medicine continues to advance, the occurrence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is on the rise each year. Trimetazidine, an anti-ischemic medication, has shown a noteworthy capability to reduce the occurrence of CIN. A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out to assess trimetazidine’s clinical impact in preventing CIN in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), regardless of the trimetazidine dose given. This meta-analysis aims to strengthen the latest data on the significance of administering a specific dose of oral trimetazidine (35 mg/tab twice daily for 72 hours) on elderly patients for prevention of CIN.