Volume 59, Number 2 (2021)

Volume 59, Number 2 (April - June 2021)

April - June 2021

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DOI: 10.65564/pjim.d535bf1132


Articles in this Issue

Editorial
Telemedicine as the New Normal

Authors: Margarita T. Cayco

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.45c94fa147   |   Published: June 2021

Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, a lot of behaviors and applications have changed and have been modified. Among them is the way medicine is practiced. Telemedicine is the new normal at this time … and possibly will be the way consultations are conducted in the future.

Legal Prescription
Emergency Use Authorization

Authors: Rodel V. Capule

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.1696a84176   |   Published: June 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Philippine President exercised broad executive authority to support public health measures, culminating in the issuance of Executive Order 121, the first in the nation’s history to authorize the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to issue Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) for COVID-19 drugs and vaccines. An EUA permits the use of unregistered or repurposed medical products during a declared emergency, enabling faster access while maintaining regulatory safeguards. Unlike full product registration or compassionate special permits, EUAs balance expedited approval with evidence-based safety criteria. The pandemic has highlighted EUA as a vital regulatory tool for timely medical response.

Consensus Statement
Approach to Lower the Cardiovascular Risk of Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence-based Consensus Statements of the Philippine Heart Association and Philippine Society of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism

Authors: Jorge A. Sison, Cecilia A. Jimeno, Bien J. Matawaran, Imelda Caole-Ang, Eddieson M. Gonzales

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.ae40192771   |   Published: June 2021

Diabetes remains as the 6th leading cause of death in the Philippines, with more than 33,000 deaths in 2016. Given this alarming prevalence, it is imperative that this public health concern be prioritized in the country and to answer such concern, a group of cardiologists and endocrinologists who are in active clinical practice and research, formed a technical working group composed of five members. Their primary objective was to develop an evidence-based consensus document for Filipino healthcare practitioners and people in the academe that would serve as a guideline on the approach to lower the CV risk of individuals with T2DM.

PSMO Position Statement
COVID-19 Vaccine and Patients with Cancer - The Philippine Society of Medical Oncology (PSMO) Position Statement

Authors: Philippine Society of Medical Oncology Clinical Consensus Committee, Frederic Ivan Ting, Crizel Denise Uy, Katrina Gaelic Bebero, Danielle Benedict Sacdalan, Dennis Lee Sacdalan, Honey Sarita Abarquez, Arnold John Uson, Grace Nilo, Buenaventura Ramos Jr.

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.831c7f717c   |   Published: June 2021

The Philippine Society of Medical Oncology strongly recommends that patients with cancer be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent behind COVID-19.

This recommendation aligns with guidance from international and national professional organizations and government agencies that have a stake in the care of people living with cancer.

Original Article
The Correlation of Ankle Brachial Index and the severity of Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Tertiary Hospital in Davao City, Philippines: A Cross-Sectional Study

Authors: Sime Raymond B. Fernandez, Annabelle Y. Lao-Reyes

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.88de933c86   |   Published: June 2021

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) had been shown to have a higher likelihood of developing cardiovascular events as well as cerebrovascular accidents particularly acute ischemic stroke. However, there are limited data on the association between ankle brachial index (ABI) values and the severity of ischemic stroke. This study aimed to determine the correlation of ABI values and the severity of acute ischemic stroke in Southern Philippines Medical Center.

Original Article
Characteristics of Emergency Room Visits by Older Individuals in a Tertiary Government Hospital in Nueva Ecija

Authors: Marjorie A. Nolasco

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.dc4884316e   |   Published: June 2021

Older individuals are more likely to utilize emergency care services than younger individuals due to the complexity of their condition. The increase in the demand for health services may lead to ER congestion, which may affect the quality of care being rendered. To the best of our knowledge, studies investigating the common medical causes of ER visits among older individuals have not been done in the Philippines. The study aimed to determine the characteristics of emergency room visits by older individuals in a tertiary government hospital in Nueva Ecija.

Original Article
Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis/Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome and COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Authors: Shane B. Villamonte, Marilyn Katrina C. Caro, Elaine C. Cunanan

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.17c610a6c1   |   Published: June 2021

Several reports have shown that coexistence of diabetes mellitus and COVID-19 is one of the risk factors for poor outcome and increased mortality. Rapid metabolic deterioration with development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) may result due to the acute insulin secretory capacity loss, stress condition and the cytokine storm. In this review, we aim to describe the prevalence of hyperglycemic crises (DKA/HHS) in patients with COVID-19 infection as well as their clinical outcomes.

Original Article
Use of Convalescent Plasma Therapy among Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients: A Single-Center Experience

Authors: Flordeluna Z. Mesina, Claudette G. Mangahas, Ellen M. Gatchalian, Mary Sheila Ariola-Ramos, Rosalio P. Torres

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.d96c877578   |   Published: June 2021

COVID-19 disease has strained our healthcare system. Convalescent plasma is an adjunct treatment used in emerging infectious diseases in past epidemics. This study aims to determine the outcome and clinical course of COVID-19 patients who received convalescent plasma (CP) transfusion at Cardinal Santos Medical Center.

Original Article
Post-operative Aspirin in preventing early renal allograft thrombosis: A Meta-Analysis

Authors: Daniel Y. Guevara, Jameel Kristine L. Camenforte, Maria Ana Louise M. Naidas, Anthony Russell T. Villanueva

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.15a69cc151   |   Published: June 2021

Kidney transplantation (KT) remains to be the preferred mode of renal replacement therapy as it offers the best clinical outcomes, a better quality of life, and lesser complications compared to dialysis. However, KT still carries a number of complications, one of which is graft thrombosis. Despite advancements in treatment, graft thrombosis is still an important cause of early graft loss. Prevention therefore, is of significance. A growing number of evidence suggests that low-dose aspirin has a role in the primary prevention of allograft thrombosis. Among renal transplant recipients, does postoperative aspirin prevent early renal allograft thrombosis?The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis to determine the effect of postoperative aspirin on preventing renal allograft thrombosis.

Original Article
Level of Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Coping Strategies among Filipino Healthcare Workers (HCW) with Confirmed Covid-19 Infection using the Filipino-translated Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) 21 and Filipino Coping Strategies Scale in Perpetual Succour Hospital from March 2020 to September 2020: A One-Center Descriptive Study

Authors: Raymond S. Banquirigo, Arnel Y. Conopio, Giovanni A. Vista, Jill Henriett T. Mangubat

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.636789e189   |   Published: June 2021

COVID 19 has become the most important public health issue today. It has the potential to significantly affect the mental health of frontline healthcare workers (HCW) putting them at a higher risk of developing psychological problems especially to those who acquired COVID19 infection. The objective of this study was to determine the level of depression, stress, anxiety and coping strategies among Filipino HCWs with confirmed COVID-19 infection and its association with demographic and clinical profiles.

Original Article
Effectiveness of the Otago Exercise Programme in falls reduction among community-dwelling older people in Southeast Asia: a systematic review

Authors: Amal Azimah Haji Johar, Hjh Asmah Haji Husaini, Shyh Poh Teo

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.39483a270b   |   Published: June 2021

Falls are common in older people and a leading cause of injury. Exercise programmes are available for falls prevention, including the Otago Exercise Programme (OEP). The Southeast Asia region has a rapidly ageing population with unique aspects to consider in falls prevention. This systematic review aims to explore the effectiveness of OEP in Southeast Asia for falls prevention.

Original Article
Cross-Sectional Study on the Profiles and the Degree of Burnout among Resident Physicians in Private Tertiary Hospitals in Bacolod City: Proposed Life-Skills Program

Authors: Wendell Z. Espinosa, Glenda Leslie T. Baker

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.67497c5743   |   Published: June 2021

Exhaustion from work may result into negative effects not only to the medical staff and patients. Systematic reviews revealed an association in physician burnout and suboptimal quality of care, patient safety and patient satisfaction. However, the prevalence of burnout among resident physicians in Bacolod City has not been established. The study aimed to determine the profiles and the degree of burnout among resident physicians in private tertiary hospitals in Bacolod City.

Original Article
Cross-cultural Visayan Translation and Validation of Beck’s Depression Inventory Scale Among Ambulatory Maintenance Hemodialysis at a Tertiary Training Hospital in Southern Mindanao, Philippines (BDI-VISAYAN)

Authors: Exequiel P. Dimaano, Arnelia Bersales-Masendo, Marius Oco, Noel Pingoy

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.ea88b56198   |   Published: June 2021

Depressed dialysis patients are twice likely to die or require hospitalization. Unfortunately, there is a lack of a depression screening tool validated for Filipino patients. This is a cross-cultural instrument translation and cross-sectional validation study for the development and validation of Beck’s Depression Inventory Scale -Visayan version as a depression screening tool for ambulatory maintenance hemodialysis Filipino patients.

Case Report
Diagnostic Dilemma: A Case Report on Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma in a Patient with Suspected Ovarian Malignancy

Authors: Geraldine P. Cercado, Jeremy Jones F. Robles, Carmela Rosanne A. Remotigue

DOI: 10.65564/pjim.b0fa621177   |   Published: June 2021

Primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC) is an uncommon malignancy and is often misdiagnosed as peritoneal carcinomatosis from metastatic gastrointestinal carcinoma and more frequently from ovarian carcinomas due to a common embryonic origin of the ovary and the peritoneum. Its diagnosis is a challenge for clinicians. Herein, we report a rare case of PPC in a 72-year-old woman who was initially suspected with metastatic ovarian malignancy, and emphasizes points that help differentiate PPC from primary ovarian cancer.